Overcurrent protection is the most basic protection against excessive currents resulting from system faults. In general, power system faults are…
What is SCADA? SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. SCADA systems are used in many industrial and infrastructure…
Abstract – Intermittent ground faults. In the past, floating wye-delta transformer banks are most common for supplying ungrounded systems. For…
What it is: Think of relay coordination as the "brain" of the power grid—it’s the art of making sure that…
Rooftop solar PV systems connected to the electric distribution system are examples of what is generally called “Distributed Generation”. The…
Short circuit analysis using ETAP software based on IEC 60909 standard. In the previous discussion, we have presented the step-by-step…
Circuit breaker short-circuit duty calculation is a very important step in our discussion on IEC 60909. We had just completed…
Short circuit impedance calculation techniques based on IEC 60909 with correction factors for synchronous generators, power supply units, and transformers.…
We talked about the ‘Far from’ generator short circuit calculation in our previous article but we never mentioned the conditions…
We started our discussion on IEC 60909 by introducing the different terms used in the standard and compared them to…